Precission is our friend....
Synchro Monsters are more like Contact Fusion Monsters (the XYZ family, Gladiator Beast Fusions, certain E-Heroes) than fusion Monsters per ce. And Like all Monsters in YuGiOh!, unless it has the "except by" condition, if it has been successfully summoned appropriately it can be "reborn".
Just to tighten up what Maruno said, color is very helpful in distinguishing what is a Normal Monster; However, it is not very helpful in determining what is an Effect Monster.
Normal Monsters: Pure Normal Monsters are yellow and their text is italic. Tokens are Normal Monsters. Most Trap Monsters are Normal Monsters (when on the Field). And Gemini Monsters, when first summoned and while in your Graveyard are Normal Monsters by their effect--confusing, eh? Nothing else is a "Normal Monster"
However, that does not automatically make everything else Effect Monsters. If it has no text at all other than how to Fusion/Synchro/Ritual summon it (Gia the Dragon Champion-Fusion; Gia Knight, the Force of Earth-Synchro; Hungry Burger-Ritual) it is not a Normal Monster, but it is not an Effect Monster either (see ruling for Non-Spellcasting Area, below). Fusions, Rituals and Synchros will not say they are Effect Monsters.
So, the short answers to you questions are:
1) Yes, if done properly, unless it is an "except by" Monster.
2) No, just non-effect, only Yellow card with Italic writing, and Gemini Monsters can be Medaled or Birthrighted.
• The effect of "Non-Spellcasting Area" includes Ritual Monsters and Fusion Monsters that do not have effects, as well as Monster Tokens.
***Sorry this is late, and Maruno did do a great job answering the question, I just wanted to tighten it up a bit. If I missed anything....